Efektivitas Penerapan Teknik Deep Breathing Exercise Terhadap Penurunan Kecemasan Pasien Preoperative
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55316/mm.v18i2.1277Keywords:
anxiety, preoperative, deep breathing exercise, APAIS, non-pharmacologicalAbstract
Preoperative anxiety is a common psychological problem experienced by patients before surgical procedures and can affect their physical and psychological readiness. One of the non-pharmacological interventions that can be used to reduce anxiety is deep breathing exercise, a simple relaxation technique that helps regulate physiological responses to stress. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of implementing deep breathing exercise in reducing preoperative anxiety among patients in the operating room of Al Irsyad Hospital Surabaya. This study used a quantitative quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group approach. The study was conducted in August 2025 involving 84 preoperative patients selected using simple random sampling. The respondents were divided into an intervention group and a control group, with 42 respondents in each group. The intervention group received deep breathing exercise, while the control group received conventional therapy in the form of therapeutic communication. Anxiety levels were measured using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS), and data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. The results showed a decrease in anxiety levels in both groups. The Wilcoxon test showed significant differences in anxiety levels before and after intervention in both groups (p = 0.001). The Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference in post-intervention anxiety levels between the control and intervention groups (p = 0.000). A greater reduction in anxiety was observed in the deep breathing exercise group, with 85.7% of respondents experiencing mild anxiety after the intervention. Deep breathing exercise demonstrated potential as a complementary non-pharmacological nursing intervention for managing anxiety in preoperative patients
References
Azis, H. A., Retnaningtyas, E., & Sindarti, G. M. (2020). The Effect Of Deep Breathing Exercise On The Level Of Answer In Pre Operation Sectio Caesarea Patients In Lavalette Hospital, Malang City. Jurnal Pendidikan Kesehatan, 9(2), 153–162. https://doi.org/10.31290/jpk.v9i2.2049
Dinkes Jatim. (2023). Laporan Kinerja Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Surabaya: Dinkes Propinsi Jawa Timur. 1–23.
Eberhart, L., Aust, H., Schuster, M., Sturm, T., Gehling, M., Euteneuer, F., & Rüsch, D. (2020). Preoperative anxiety in adults - a cross-sectional study on specific fears and risk factors. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 140. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02552-w
Fauzan, J. F., & Cusmarih, C. (2024). Efektivitas Slow Deep Breathing Untuk Menurunkan Tekanan Darah Pada Penderita Hipertensi Di Klinik Pratama Fatwa Medika Cikarang. Malahayati Nursing Journal, 6(12), 4808–4815. Https://Doi.Org/10.33024/Mnj.V6i12.14373
Handayani, L., & Rahmawati, D. (2025). Pengaruh Teknik Deep Breathing Pada Ibu Bersalin Terhadap Tingkat Nyeri. In Health Research Journal of Indonesia (Hrji) (Vol. 3, Issue 4).
Hidayah, N., Kurniawati, D. A., Umaryani, D. S. N., & Ariyani, N. (2024). Hubungan Usia Dan Klasifikasi Operasi Dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Pada Pasien Pre Operasi Elektif Dirumah Sakit Lavalette Malang. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah, 8(1), 51.
Jafari, H., Gholamrezaei, A., Franssen, M., Van Oudenhove, L., Aziz, Q., Van Den Bergh, O., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., & Van Diest, I. (2020). Can Slow Deep Breathing Reduce Pain? An Experimental Study Exploring Mechanisms. Journal of Pain, 21(9–10), 1018–1030. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jpain.2019.12.010
Kaslinda, K. N. U. (2024). Efektifitas Efektifitas Nafas Quran Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Pada Pasien Pre Operasi. Intan Husada?: Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan, 12(01), 37–46. Https://Doi.Org/10.52236/Ih.V12i1.377
Kristanti, A. N., & Faidah, N. (2022). Tingkat Kecemasan Pada Pasien Preoperasi Sectio Caesarea Di Rumah Sakit Mardi Rahayu Kudus. Indonesian Journal Of Nursing Research (Ijnr), 1(2).
Lufita, & Apriliyani. (2023). Implementasi Komunikasi Terapeutik Perawat Kepada Pasien Dengan Harga Diri Rendah Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kemangkon Di Desa Pegandekan Kecamatan Kemangkon Kabupaten Purbalingga. Kournal Inovasi Penelitian, 4(2722–9467), 151–154.
Magnon, V., Dutheil, F., & Vallet, G. T. (2021). Benefits from one session of deep and slow breathing on vagal tone and anxiety in young and older adults. Scientific Reports, 11, 19267. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98736-9
Nanda, A. A., & Rosyid, F. N. (2025). Efektivitas Teknik Relaksasi Genggam Jari Dalam Menurunkan Kecemasan Terhadap Pasien Pre-Operasi Di Rsud Pandan Arang, Boyolali, Jawa Tengah. Journal Universitas Pahlawan. Http://Journal.Universitaspahlawan.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Ners
Pohan, V. Y., & Admaja, P. Y. (2023). Penerapan Relaksasi Benson Terhadap Kecemasan Dan Tanda-Tanda Vital Pada Pasien Pre Operasi. Ners Muda, 4(2), 177. Https://Doi.Org/10.26714/Nm.V4i2.8125
Prasetya, O. A., Purnamasari, V., & Riyadi, R. S. (2024). Pengaruh Edukasi Mekanisme Koping Dengan Media Audiovisual Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Pre Operasi Di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping. JIK, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 79–88, May 2025, Accessed: Sep. 29, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://ojs.unsiq.ac.id/index.php/jik/article/view/9768
Rahayu, Dwi; Irawan, Hengky; Santoso, Puguh. Deep Breathing Exercise For Decreasing Anxiety Level on People Undergo Covid 19 Vaccination. JURNAL ILKES : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, [S.l.], v. 13, n. 1, p. 75-82, june 2022
Toussaint, L., Nguyen, Q. A., Roettger, C., Dixon, K., Offenbächer, M., Kohls, N., Hirsch, J., & Sirois, F. (2021). Effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Deep Breathing, and Guided Imagery in Promoting Psychological and Physiological States of Relaxation. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021, 5924040. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5924040
Triyadi, A., Aini, K., & Ramadhy, A. S. (2015). Pengaruh Deep Breathing terhadap Kecemasan Praoperasi Pasien di RSUD 45 Kuningan. Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman, 10(2). (halaman perlu dilengkapi dari sumber)
![](<p><a%20href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=+6281235688499"%20target="_blank"%20rel="noopener"><img%20src="/public/site/images/admin/unnamed1.png"%20width="280" height="138" /></a></p>)
