PENGALAMAN PERAWAT PUSKESMAS KOTA MALANG DALAM PENATALAKSANAAN HENTI JANTUNG (OUT-OF-HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST)
Keywords:
Penatalaksanaan Henti Jantung Di Luar Rumah Sakit, Perawat Puskesmas
Abstract
Henti jantung dapat terjadi dimana saja dan kapan saja. Penatalaksanaan OHCA diberikan segera setelah pasien dipastikan tidak memiliki denyut nadi karotis dengan menerapkan Basic Life Support  yang dapat dilakukan baik oleh orang awam maupun tenaga kesehatan, termasuk perawat Puskesmas. Perawat Puskesmas dapat berperan sebagai first responder yang bertugas untuk mengenali tanda henti jantung dan menginisiasi pertolongan awal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memaknai pengalaman perawat Puskesmas dalam penatalaksanaan OHCA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi interpretif, dilakukan di Puskesmas Kedungkandang dan Puskesmas Kendalkerep. Partisipan adalah empat orang perawat Puskesmas yang pernah melakukan penatalaksanaan OHCA. Data dikumpulkan melalui in-depth interview dengan pertanyaan terbuka. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan thematic analysis oleh Braun & Clarke (2006). Hasil penelitian menemukan tujuh tema yang menggambarkan pengalaman perawat Puskesmas dalam melakukan penatalaksanaan henti jantung, yaitu: ((1) berupaya mempertahankan profesionalisme dalam melakukan BLS, (2) memberikan dukungan psikologis yang bertujuan untuk menenangkan keluarga, (3), merasa terpanggil untuk memberikan pertolongan (4), memantapkan keinginan untuk menolong pasien, (5) tidak merasakan kepuasan batin setelah memberikan pertolongan, (6) menyadari bahwa pelayanan yang diberikan belum memenuhi standar untuk merawat pasien henti jantung, serta (7) mengharapkan ada perbaikan pelayanan bagi pasien henti jantung. Makna pengalaman perawat Puskesmas dalam penatalaksanaan OHCA adalah perawat berusaha menembus segala dependensinya demi mempertahankan profesionalisme. Melihat dari seluruh fenomena tersebut, perlu dilakukan perbaikan di semua aspek untuk menyediakan pelayanan yang berkualitas bagi pasien henti jantung.
References
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Kronick SL, Lin S, Kurz MC, Edelson DP, et al. (2015). Part 4: Systems of care and continuous quality improvement 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care.
Link, M.L., Berkow, L.C., Kudenchuk, P.C., Halperin, H.R., Hess, E.P., et al. (2015). Part 7: adult advanced cardiovascular life
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Nursalam. (2014). Manajemen Keperawatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Ong MEH, Shin SD, Tanaka H, Ma M, Khruekarnchana P,
Hisamuddin N, Khan MN. (2011). Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes
Study (PAROS): rationale, methodology, and implementation. Academic
Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic
Emergency Medicine, 18(8), 890–7. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2011.01132.x
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia nomor 75 tahun 2004 tentang Puskesmas.
Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia. (2015). Pedoman Tatalaksana Sindrom Koroner Akut. Centra Communications: Jakarta.
Pitt E, Pusponegoro A. (2005). Prehospital care in Indonesia. Journal of Emergency Medicine, 22: 144-147.
Polit DF, Beck CT. (2010). Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for
Nursing Practice. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins.
Rajeswaran L. (2009). Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Perceptions, Needs, and Barriers Experienced by the Registered Nurses in Botswana. Disertasi. University of South Africa. Diakses dari http://uir.unisa.ac.za.
Razzak JA, Kellermann AL. (2002). Emergency medical care in developing countries: is it worthwhile? Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 80 (11): 900-905.
Schmidt B. (2010). Review of three qualitative studies of family presence during resuscitation. The Qualitative Report; 15 (3): 731-736.
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R & D. Alfabeta: Bandung.
Supriadi A. (2016). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Pra Rumah Sakit yang Mempengaruhi Kembalinya Sirkulasi Spontan pada Pasien Henti Jantung di Luar Rumah Sakit di Kota Malang. Tesis. Tidak Diterbitkan, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
Svensson A, Fridlund B. (2008). Experiences and actions towards worries among ambulance nurses in their professional life: A critical study. International Emergency Nursing, 16: 35-42.
Taha HS, Bakhoum SWG, Kasem HH, Fahim MAS. (2015). Quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation of in-hospital cardiac arrest and its relation to clinical outcome: An Egyptian University Hospital Experience. The Egyptian Heart Journal, 67(2), 137-143. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehj.2014.11.001
The Scottish Government. (2015). Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Strategy For Scotland. Crown: Edinburgh.
Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 38 tahun 2014 tentang Keperawatan.
Wissenberg M, Lippert FK, Folke F, Weeke P, Hansen CM, et al. (2013). Association of national initiatives to improve cardiac arrest management with rates of bystander intervention and patient survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Journal of American Medical Association. 310 (13) pp: tre1377-1384.
Alfsen D, Møller TP, Egerod I, Lippert FK. (2015). Barriers to recognition of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during emergency medical calls: a qualitative inductive thematic analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 23(1). http://www.sjtrem.com/content/23/1/70, accessed March 14, 2016.
Alligood MR. (2014). Nursing Theorists and Their Work, 8th Edition. Saint Louis: Elsevier.
American Heart Association. (2015). Highlights of the 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC).
Aschauer S, Dorffner G, Erdogmus A, Laggner A. (2014). A prediction tool for initial out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. Resuscitation. 85, pp 1225“1231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2014.06.007.
Berdowski J, Berg RA, Tijssen JG, Koster RW. (2010). Global incidences of out-of hospital cardiac arrest and survival rates: A systematic review of 67
prospective studies. Resuscitation, 81(11):1479“1487.
Bon CA. (2015). Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1344081-overview (online).
Bobrow BJ, Clark LL, Ewy GA, Chikani V, Sanders AB, Berg, RA, Kern KB. (2008). Minimally interrupted cardiac resuscitation by emergency medical services for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Journal of American Medical Association, 299(10), 1158“1165.
Boyd R. (2000). Witnessed resuscitation by relatives. Resuscitation, 43:171-176.
Carlbom D, Doll A, Eisenberg M, Emert J, Husain S, et al. (2014). Strategies sudden cardiac arrest: an evidence-based analysis. Resuscitation Academy and King County Emergency Medical Services.
Chan PS, McNally B, Tang F, Kellermann. (2014). Recent trends in survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the United States. Circulation, 130: 1876“1882.
Cho SH, Ketefian S, Barkauskas VH, & Smith DG. (2003). The effects of nurse staffing on adverse events, morbidity, mortality, and medical costs. Nursing Research, 52(2), 71–79.
Christ J, Lorenz M. (2007). Significant improvement of the quality of bystander first aid using an efpert system with a mobile multimedia device. Journal of Resuscitaion. 74 pp: 286-295.
Cole FL, Slocumb EM, Mastey JM. (2001). A measure of critical nurses™ post-code stress. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 34 (3): 281-288.
Creswell JW. (2013). Desain Penelitian: Pendekatan Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif.
Jakarta: KIK Press.
Drotske JS, De Villiers PJT. (2007). Resuscitation debriefing for nurses at the Accident and Emergency Unit of St Dominique Hospital in East London (South Africa). SA Fam Practice, 49(10).
Fishman GI, Chugh SS, DiMarco JP, Albert CM, Anderson ME, et al. (2010). Sudden cardiac death prediction and prevention: report from a National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute and heart rhythm society workshop. Circulation. 122; 2335-2348. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.976092.
Forslund AS, Lundblad D, Jansson JH, Zingmark K, Söderberg S. (2013). Risk factors among people surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and their thoughts about what lifestyle means to them: a mixed methods study. BioMed Central Cardiovascular Disorders. 13:62. doi:10.1186/1471-2261-13-62.
Graham R, Eisenberg M, Atkins D, Aufderheide TP, Becker L, et al. (2015). Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: A Time to Act. Report Brief.
Guyton AC, Hall JE. (2016). Cardiac arrhythmias and their electrocardiographic interpretation. In W. Schmitt (Ed.), Textbook of Medical Physiology (Vol. 13, pp. 287-288). Philadelphia: Elsevier Inc.
Hadjam MNR. (2001). Efektivitas pelayanan prima sebagai upaya meningkatkan pelayanan di rumah sakit (Perspektif Psikologi). Jurnal Psikologi, 28(2), 105-115.
Hammond BB. (2013). Cardiopulmonary arrest. In B. B. Hammond (Ed.), Sheehy's Manual of Emergency Care. St Louis: Elsevier, Inc.
Hara M, Hayashi K, Hikoso S, Sakata Y, Kitamura T. (2015). Different impacts of time from collapse to first cardiopulmonary resuscitation on outcomes after witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in adults. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality Outcomes. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.001864. pp 277-284.
Hazinski MF, Idris AH, Kerber RE, Epstein A, Atkins D, Tang W, MD; Lurie K. (2005). Lay rescuer automated external defibrillator programs: lessons learned from an international multicenter trial. Circulation, 111: 3336-3340. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105. 165674
Jakeway CC, LaRosa G, Cary A, & Schoenfisch S. (2008). The role of public health nurses in emergency preparedness and response: A position paper of the association of state and territorial directors of nursing. Public Health Nursing, 25(4), 353-361.
Jarrin OF. (2007). An integral philosophy and definition of nursing. Journal of Integral Theory and Practice, 2 (4): 79-101.
Kleinman ME, Brennan EE, Goldberger ZD; Swor RA, Terry M, et al. (2015). Part 5: Adult basic life support and cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality. Circulation; 132 [2]: S414S435. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000259.
Kronick SL, Lin S, Kurz MC, Edelson DP, et al. (2015). Part 4: Systems of care and continuous quality improvement 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care.
Link, M.L., Berkow, L.C., Kudenchuk, P.C., Halperin, H.R., Hess, E.P., et al. (2015). Part 7: adult advanced cardiovascular life
Lumbanraja, P., Nizma, C. (2011). Pengaruh pelatihan dan karakteristik pekerjaan terhadap prestasi kerja perawat di badan pelayanan kesehatan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Langsa. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan (Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship), 12(2), pp-142.
Mangkunegara, A.P. (2005). Perilaku dan Budaya Organisasi. Bandung: Refieka Aditama.
Maleong, L.J. (2014). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Mudayana AA. (2010) Pengaruh Motivasi dan Beban Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Rumah Sakit Nur Hidayah Bantul. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat FKM UAD. 4(2): 84-9.
Nursalam. (2014). Manajemen Keperawatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Ong MEH, Shin SD, Tanaka H, Ma M, Khruekarnchana P,
Hisamuddin N, Khan MN. (2011). Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes
Study (PAROS): rationale, methodology, and implementation. Academic
Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic
Emergency Medicine, 18(8), 890–7. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2011.01132.x
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia nomor 75 tahun 2004 tentang Puskesmas.
Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia. (2015). Pedoman Tatalaksana Sindrom Koroner Akut. Centra Communications: Jakarta.
Pitt E, Pusponegoro A. (2005). Prehospital care in Indonesia. Journal of Emergency Medicine, 22: 144-147.
Polit DF, Beck CT. (2010). Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for
Nursing Practice. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins.
Rajeswaran L. (2009). Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Perceptions, Needs, and Barriers Experienced by the Registered Nurses in Botswana. Disertasi. University of South Africa. Diakses dari http://uir.unisa.ac.za.
Razzak JA, Kellermann AL. (2002). Emergency medical care in developing countries: is it worthwhile? Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 80 (11): 900-905.
Schmidt B. (2010). Review of three qualitative studies of family presence during resuscitation. The Qualitative Report; 15 (3): 731-736.
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R & D. Alfabeta: Bandung.
Supriadi A. (2016). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Pra Rumah Sakit yang Mempengaruhi Kembalinya Sirkulasi Spontan pada Pasien Henti Jantung di Luar Rumah Sakit di Kota Malang. Tesis. Tidak Diterbitkan, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
Svensson A, Fridlund B. (2008). Experiences and actions towards worries among ambulance nurses in their professional life: A critical study. International Emergency Nursing, 16: 35-42.
Taha HS, Bakhoum SWG, Kasem HH, Fahim MAS. (2015). Quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation of in-hospital cardiac arrest and its relation to clinical outcome: An Egyptian University Hospital Experience. The Egyptian Heart Journal, 67(2), 137-143. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehj.2014.11.001
The Scottish Government. (2015). Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Strategy For Scotland. Crown: Edinburgh.
Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 38 tahun 2014 tentang Keperawatan.
Wissenberg M, Lippert FK, Folke F, Weeke P, Hansen CM, et al. (2013). Association of national initiatives to improve cardiac arrest management with rates of bystander intervention and patient survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Journal of American Medical Association. 310 (13) pp: tre1377-1384.
Published
2019-10-16
How to Cite
Risna Yekti Mumpuni, Indah Winarni, & Ali Haedar. (2019). PENGALAMAN PERAWAT PUSKESMAS KOTA MALANG DALAM PENATALAKSANAAN HENTI JANTUNG (OUT-OF-HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST). MEDICA MAJAPAHIT, 9(1). Retrieved from http://ejournal.stikesmajapahit.ac.id/index.php/MM/article/view/266
Section
Articles
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